I'm not sure that is the case. The Israeli state was only created during the mid 1900's. It's true that some of the anger of these militants is directed at the west for supporting Israel, but it is not the whole story. It doesn't explain the deep seated hatred between Muslim's and Hindu's or Budhists. Al Quaeda will attack Indian targets just as readily as they will attack a western target. This is nothing to do with India supporting Israel or the West. Throughout history there has been many major conflicts between Muslim armies and other religions. I've been to India many times and heard many stories of attrocities committed by Muslims against Hindu's, Seikh's and Christian's. During the 15th and 16th centuries the Moghul Emperors sacked much of Southern India around the centre of the Vijayanagar Kingdom. Thousands of years of Hindu temples and statues were destroyed and defiled at Hampi.
The Modern Islamic militants can be traced back to a Kashmiri militant who was around in 1880, and who inspired the Algerian and Yemeni revival of Islamic militancy.
I don't agree with the West (paricularly the US') support for Israel, but don't for one minute think that solving the Palestinian problem will make all of this go away. Al Quaeda's goal is to create an islamic state stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific (Portugal to the Philippines), and they would still strive for this even if a Palestinian state were created today.