Hi Jlags.

Asking for the return of your passport before your application to remain in the UK is decided

If you need your passport for identification reasons (to open a bank account, for example) before we decide your application, we will return your passport. You should send your passport back to us as soon as you have used it to confirm your identity. We will not be able to decide the outcome of your application until you have returned it to us. This may delay our decision on your application.
If you ask for your passport back so you can travel outside the Common Travel Area, your application will automatically be withdrawn when we return it to you. If you decide not to travel and you still want to remain in the UK, you will need to apply again and pay a new fee.

http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/vi...-and-passport/

Try to find a photocopy or scan copy of your passport, they may accept it. How about providing government IDs or license from the Philippines (i.e. PRC, SSS, OWWA, LTO, NBI, etc)?