IMO ... the reason why this often turns out to be the case, is primarily because initially *unsuccessful applicants who go to such lengths - coupled with the not inconsiderable added expense involved (appeals are no longer free, plus they can take anything up to 6 months or more to be heard) - in challenging an Entry Clearance Officer's earlier decision, do so due to *their commitment to the belief that an error (or errors) of judgement has/have been made by the ECO who examined their original application. And frequently their patience is rewarded following a thorough re~evaluation of applicants' personal circumstances by an Entry Clearance Manager trained to take account of each contingency on its individual merits.![]()